The 5th International Symposium on Assessment in Music Education brought participants together from all over the world to compare each others' work, establish collaborations and professional networks, and shape new directions for research in this important area of music education. As music educators across the world come to terms with increased expectations for accountability, the scholars and practitioners who have contributed to this volume provide insight to guide their work. Four keynote addresses and 37 papers in this volume document music assessment practice and the measurement and evaluation of music learning across the world in local, state, and national contexts at all levels.